Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD): Complete Guide for Beginners (2026)
Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) inspection method illustrating probe arrangement, diffraction signal generation, and accurate weld defect sizing in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT). Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD): Principle, Equipment, Procedure, Advantages & Applications (2026) What is Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD)? Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) is an advanced ultrasonic testing (UT) technique used for detecting, sizing, and evaluating internal defects with extremely high accuracy. Unlike conventional Ultrasonic Testing, TOFD does not depend on the reflected ultrasonic signal from the defect surface. Instead, it measures the diffracted ultrasonic waves generated from the tips of discontinuities such as cracks. Because of its excellent sizing accuracy and high Probability of Detection (POD), TOFD has become one of the most trusted inspection methods in pressure vessels, pipelines, storage tanks, refineries, offshore platforms, nuclear plants...